Apparatus for reducing pipes in ingots.



G. L. NORRIS. APPARATUS FOR REDUCING PIPES IN INGOTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1907.

Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

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GEORGE L; NORRIS, 0F BURNHAM, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 0F BURNHAH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR REDUCING PIPES IN INGOTS.

Specifilzation of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 24, 1909;

Application filed May 15, 1907. Serial No. 373,8t5.

of an ingot due to the shrinkage of the metal,

during solidification, and my invention further contemplates certain improvements in apparatus for carrying out the process as fully described hereafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is a vertical section of an apparatus for reducing or preventing the pipein ingots; the View showing the ingot before the metal is displaced, and Fig. 2, is a View similar to. Fig. 1, showing the metal displaced so as to reduce or prevent the formation of the pipe.

In the above drawings, A isv the, lower platen and B is the upper platen, connected together by rods C-C and them an hydraulic cylinder D, in which is mounted a piston (Z having a plunger'd. There is an opening a in the platen A through which the plunger extends. Pivoted on one of the bars 0 is a table E free to rotate and upon this are mounted the ingot molds F. Saidtable has a series of openings e, so arran ed that they may be brought in line with t e opening a in the platen A; there being in the bottom of each ingot mold, an openmg f alining with the opening e. Either of these platens A or B can be arranged to be movable either by hand or by mechanical means, as desired. 1

It will be understood that two ormore ingots may be placed on the table accordin to its diameter and the size of the plant, while in place of a rotating table I may employ a reciprocating table which shall becapable of holding any desired number of ingots.

The plungers d is preferably made hollow; its interior passage (Z being connected with the space under the piston so that the plunger Wlll be cooled by the fluid under pressure.

The 0 eration of the apparatus is as fol-- lows ingot, as soon after casting as is practical, is placed in an upright position,

between the two platens and f are made the holes e and to coincide with the hole a in the lower platen; one of the rigidly in place. The

having beneath platens being and its ingot iston (Z is then forced upwardly thereby PIOJQCtiII its plunger (1' through the openings 6 and f in the table and the platen, into the still molten, semimolt'en or plastic metal of the interior of the ingot in the moldfthereby displacing an amount of metal equal to or greater in volume than the pipe cavity which would ordinarily form in the top end. As the plunger moved so as tohold the mold ,is projected upward it displaces the metal of the ingot, keeping said metal under pressure and completely preventing the formation of piping or gas cavities ordinarily occurring in the upper end of the ingot. The introduction of the water cooled plunger d hastens the solidification of the metal and greatly reduces the length of time, which the metal has to be held under pressure before it has solidified sufficiently to preclude the subsequent formation of any pipe cavities ,and allow of the withdrawal of the said plunger d. This complete obliterating of the piping results in the saving of the greater portion if not all of the upper end of the ingot. After the metal has solidified, the plunger d is Withdrawn and the platens are shifted so as to release the mold, which is withdrawn and another mold placed in its stead. This leaves a cylindrical hole in the bottom of the ingot, but as the walls of this hole are perfect it does not prevent the use of that portion of the ingot. On the other hand there is no piping at'the op osite end of the ingot, which may therefore e entirely used without waste. Heretofore, a large portion of the upper half of the in ot had TO THE STANDARD STEEL WORKS to be discarded as the piping made aws in the metal when I claim v v 1. The combination in means for reducing the pipe in ingots, of .an ingot mold, means for closing the upper end of the mold, and means for displacing the semi-fluid metal from one part of the mold so as to close the pipe or opening in the upper end of'the ingot while leaving an opening elsewhere, sald means consistin of aplunger and mechanism for forcing 51c same into and withdrawing it from the body of the metal in the mold.

reduced.

. 2. The combination in means for reducing,

the pipes in ingots of two platens, amold arranged to be clamped between said platens,

ingot in the mold -so as to disp other, the ower .t e cylinder, a plunger actuat said ingot mold and the lower platen having coinciding openings,-an elon ated plunger of small diameter relatively to t e diameter of the mold, and means whereby said plunger maybe forced through the openings and into the interior of the lower portion of an ace the metal therefrom; I 3. The combination of an upper and lower" platen, the lower platen having an opening, a cylinder under the lower platen, a piston in the cylinder, an elongated plunger connected to-the pistonan arranged to 'pass throu h the openingwin the platen, an in t. mold aving an opening and arranged to clamped between the two platens, with its opening in line with the opening in thelower platen, with means for forcing the plunger through the two openings into the interior of the .body of metal formin the ingot and thereby displacing the metal t erein so as to close the piping, substantially as described.

4. The combination of an upper and a lower plat len, one movable in respect to the platen havingan opening, a Y e lower platen a ed by the piston and fitting the opening ingtho lower platen, a table also having an opening, an ingot mold mounted on the table and having an openingalinin with the opening in the lower platen, an means for causing the lunger to .be forced through the opening in the table througl'r. the opening in the ingot mold. and into the molten metal formin the in ot..so as to displace said metal an close t e piping therein, substantially as described.

c linder under t lower platen,

' and lower platen,

ing or openings alining with the opening piston inlower platen and the ingot mo 5; The combination of an up er and a said lower platen aving an olpenin a plunger adapted to be forced t roug the opening, a table pivotally mounted so as to swing between t e upper 'said table having an openin the lower platen, one or more ingot molds mounted on the t'ble and-each having an opening alining with the opening in the table with means for. actuating the plunger tocause it to 'beforcd through the openings in the platen, the table and the ingot mo d so as to displace the metal 'of the ingot andclose the piping, substantiallyas described.

6. The combination of an upper platen, a lower platen having an opening, a cylinder under the lower platen, a piston mountedin the cylinder, a plunger for the piston, vertical rods connecting the upper and lower platens, atable pivotally mounted on one of said rods and havinia series of openings t e capable of alining wit the opening 1n lower platen when the table is rotated, ingot molds carried by the table and each having an opening in the bottom alinin with the o emngs in the table, with means or forcing t e plunger up through the o enings in the d so as to diswhen one of place the metal of the ingot said molds is brought between the upper and lower platens, substantially as descri d..

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, two subscribing witnesses.

' GEORGE L. NORRIS.

Witnesses: 7 a

G110. J. PARKER, -A. .A. Szrnvnnson.

in the presence of 

